There is a tentative association with exposure to various , including the , , , and | "Epidemiology of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: A review of literature" |
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: Mayo Foundation for Medical Education and Research; 2019 | The three mechanisms of disease associated with these C9orf72 repeats are deposition of RNA transcripts in the nucleus, translation of the RNA into toxic dipeptide repeat proteins in the cytoplasm, and decreased levels of the normal C9orf72 protein |
Checkoway H, Lundin JI, Kelada SN 2011.
13"Clinical significance in the change of decline in ALSFRS-R" | Journal of the Neurological Sciences |
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Zou ZY, Liu CY, Che CH, Huang HP January 2016 | However, research published in 2021 suggested that there was a positive causal relationship between ALS and intense physical exercise in those with a risk genotype |
Two small studies have shown that people with isolated bulbar ALS may live longer than people with bulbar-onset ALS.
The El Escorial Revised criteria are specific for ALS, which means that someone who meets the criteria is very likely to have ALS; however, they are not especially sensitive for ALS, which means that someone who does not meet the criteria can still have ALS | Speech-language pathologists may also help people diagnosed with ALS with their swallowing impairment dysphagia which may include modified diet, swallowing exercises, compensatory strategies |
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These regional variants of ALS cannot be diagnosed at the onset of symptoms; a failure of the disease to spread to other spinal cord regions for an extended period of time at least 12 months must be observed | The genes known to be involved in ALS can be grouped into three general categories based on their normal function: protein degradation, the , and RNA processing |
Continuous positive pressure is not recommended for people with ALS because it makes breathing more difficult.
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