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"The mercury clock of the Libros del Saber" Handbook of Ancient Water Technology
Austin, TX: University of Texas Press "Arabic Mechanical Engineering: Survey of the Historical Sources"

Donald Routledge Hill, "Mechanical Engineering in the Medieval Near East", , May 1991, pp.

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سامسونج مصر
Lego Mindstorms NXT Hacker's Guide
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, United States: Regnery Publ Chang, Edward; Lu, Yung-Hsiang 1996
Arabic Sciences and Philosophy: A Historical Journal A History of Mechanical Inventions

Chicago, IL: The University of Chicago Press.

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تحديد الوقت والتاريخ والمنطقة الزمنية
National Institute of Standards and Technology
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School of Mathematics and Statistics,
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The History of Clocks and Watches
"A history of mechanical inventions, Abbott Payson Usher 1929 , p American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics
Arabic Sciences and Philosophy: A Historical Journal Rees's clocks, watches, and chronometers 1819-20 ; a selection from the Cyclopaedia, or Universal dictionary of arts, sciences, and literature

Sundials: Their Construction and Use.

متى وكيف تغسل يديك
San Diego, CA: Harcourt Trade Publishers
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Arabic Sciences and Philosophy: A Historical Journal
جمع الوقت أو طرحه
New York, NY: Crown Publishers