| Watt, The Cambridge History of Islam 1977 , p | sources are not contemporaneous with the events they purport to relate and sometimes were written many centuries later |
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| Uri Rubin, Quraysh, Encyclopaedia of the Qur'an• Ideally, one would like to be able to check such accounts against contemporary evidence |
5, "One major challenge to examining initial contacts between Byzantium and the early Muslim umma arises from the controversy surrounding the traditional Islamic account.
| The Bustan al-Ukul, by Nathanael ibn al-Fayyumi, edited and translated by David Levine, Columbia University Oriental Studies Vol | El-Cheikh, Nadia Maria Byzantium Viewed by the Arabs 2004, Harvard University Press p |
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| "Muhmmad," Encyclopedia of Islam and the Muslim world• 9 Rodinson 2002 , p |
137 Netanel's work was virtually unknown beyond his native Yemen until modern times, so had little influence on later Jewish thought• Hitti, History of the Arabs, 10th edition 1970 , p.
| See, for example, Bowersock, Glen Warren, Peter Robert Lamont Brown and Oleg Grabar Late Antiquity: A Guide to the Postclassical World 1999, Harvard University Press p | |
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| Seeing Islam as others saw it: a survey and evaluation of Christian, Jewish, Robert G |
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